影響兔毛的內(nèi)部因素
發(fā)布日期：2019-03-14
來源：http://gdwk56.com 發(fā)布人：admin
隨著人們生活水平的不斷提高和兔毛紡織技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，市場(chǎng)對(duì)兔毛的需求量也比較大，因此長(zhǎng)毛兔養(yǎng)殖具有廣闊的發(fā)展前景。兔毛的有高有低，原因除了影響兔毛的外部因素，兔毛自身的品質(zhì)也很重要。
With the continuous improvement of people's living standards and the progress of rabbit hair textile technology, the market demand for rabbit hair is relatively large, so long-haired rabbit breeding has broad prospects for development. The price of rabbit hair is high or low, because besides the external factors affecting the price of rabbit hair, the quality of rabbit hair itself is also very important.
兔毛纖維按其粗細(xì)、長(zhǎng)短、彎曲形態(tài)等等，可將兔毛纖維大體分為細(xì)毛、兩型毛和粗毛3種類型。
Rabbit hair fibers can be roughly divided into fine hair, two types of hair and coarse hair according to their thickness, length, bending shape and so on.
一、細(xì)毛。細(xì)毛又稱絨毛。是長(zhǎng)毛兔被毛中更柔軟纖細(xì)的毛纖維，呈波浪形彎曲，長(zhǎng)5～12厘米，細(xì)度為7～30微米，均勻?yàn)?4.99微米，絨毛型兔的絨毛含量普通占被毛總量的80％～93％。絨毛型長(zhǎng)毛兔的毛纖維質(zhì)量，在很大水平上取決于細(xì)毛纖維的數(shù)量和質(zhì)量，細(xì)毛在毛紡工業(yè)中適用于加工精紡產(chǎn)品如高檔純毛內(nèi)衣、內(nèi)褲和呢料等。
1. Fine hair. Fine hair is also called villus. It is the softest and slender wool fiber in the coat of the long-haired rabbit. It is wavy, 5-12 cm long, 7-30 micron in fineness and 14.99 micron in uniformity. The wool content of the villous rabbit generally accounts for 80-93% of the total coat. The wool quality of wool rabbit depends on the quantity and quality of fine wool fibers to a great extent. Fine wool is suitable for processing worsted products such as high-grade pure wool underwear, underwear and high-grade fabrics in wool spinning industry.
二、兩型毛。兩型毛是指單根毛纖維上有兩種纖維類型。纖維的上半段平直無卷曲，髓質(zhì)層興旺，具有粗毛特征，纖維的下半段則較細(xì)，有不規(guī)則的卷曲，只由單排髓細(xì)胞組成，具有細(xì)毛特征。兩型毛細(xì)度為15-30微米，均勻23.11微米。在被毛中含量較少，普通僅占1％～5％。兩型毛因粗細(xì)交接處直徑相差很大，極易斷裂，毛紡價(jià)值較低。
Two types of wool. Two types of hair refer to two types of fibers on a single hair fiber. The first half of the fibers is straight and uncoiled, and the medullary layer is flourishing. The second half of the fibers is thin and irregular. It is composed of only one row of medullary cells and has fine hair characteristics. The capillarity of the two types is 15-30 microns and the uniformity is 23.11 microns. In the coat, the content is less, only 1%-5% in general. The two types of wool are easy to break because of the great difference in diameter at the junction of roughness and fineness, and the value of wool spinning is low.
三、粗毛。粗毛又稱槍毛或針毛。是兔毛中纖維更長(zhǎng)、更粗的一種，直、硬，潤(rùn)滑，無彎曲，長(zhǎng)度10～17厘米，細(xì)度31～120微米，均勻?yàn)?7.77微米，普通僅占被毛總量的5％～10％，粗毛型兔可達(dá)18％以上。粗毛耐磨性強(qiáng)，具有維護(hù)絨毛、避免結(jié)氈的作用。依據(jù)毛紡工業(yè)和兔毛市場(chǎng)的需求，目前粗毛率的上下已成為長(zhǎng)毛兔劃分消費(fèi)類型的一個(gè)重要性能指標(biāo)，粗毛型兔毛，適用于粗紡，如消費(fèi)普通毛衣。
Thirdly, coarse wool. Coarse hair is also called gun hair or needle hair. It is the longest and thickest fiber in rabbit hair. It is straight, hard, lubricated, non-bending, 10-17 cm in length, 31-120 micron in fineness and 47.77 micron in uniformity. Normally, it only accounts for 5-10% of the total coat. Coarse-haired rabbits can reach more than 18%. Coarse wool has strong abrasion resistance, and can maintain down and avoid felting. According to the demand of wool textile industry and rabbit hair market, the roughness ratio has become an important performance index for long-wool rabbits to classify consumption types. Coarse rabbit hair is suitable for woolen textiles, such as ordinary sweaters.
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